Table Manner & Accommodation Tour

Table manner is the rules of etiquette that are used when people eat their foods at the dining table. Table manners also include the appropriate use of cutleries and utensils. Different cultures might come with different rules when it came to table manners Table manners were designed to keep people from scarfing food down like animals, so learn them before you eat with others. One of the most important things to keep in mind is that you should never call attention to yourself by blatantly breaking the rules set by society.

 Exercise 1

1.  These table manners that are related to Indonesian customs are still very strong in Indonesia, especially when you attend traditional events or ceremonies. For example, table manners that are applied when you came to events or ceremonies that use Javanese custom. If you eat with Javanese table manners, every move, saying, and attitude that you show should be noticed. for the International Table manner, The fork and knife should remain in your hands at all times. Europeans tend to be more strict about table manners than Americans are. Do not rest your elbows on the table, but keep both hands above the table at all times. 

2. Eat slowly and pace yourself to finish at the same approximate time as the host or hostess.

Never talk when you have food in your mouth, even if someone asks you a question, wait until you swallow before answering.

Turn off your cell phone before sitting down. It is rude to talk on your phone or text while in the company of others.

3. Yes, we can. very important to us when we attend important events and are invited by people in high positions. we also have to adjust the correct table manner and apply it to make it look more thoughtful and polite

4. I choose the American style because it's an easier and flexible way to eat than the Continental style/European style

5. try many styles in table manner and pay close attention to them because each country has different ways and uses so you can adapt wherever you will eat and get used to applying it

Male and Female Relationships

Relationships can benefit greatly from a multicultural understanding between men and women. People in relationships often have strong expectations that their partner will be just like they are: exhibit the same attitudes, values,  perceptions, and behaviors.  However, we know that you will not change your partner’s attitudes and behaviors unless they themselves are motivated to do so.  You are even less likely to change their basic gender characteristics.d the gender differences in emotional behavior and assert that, “many women express unhappiness primarily with what they perceive as men’s unwillingness or incapacity to ‘do’ the emotional intimacy which appears to them necessary to sustain close heterosexual couple relationships.” Emotional expressivity is one facet of communication and this research will further explore its effects on relationships.  

So it is very important to educate yourself as to the basic gender differences which exist between men and women and accept the fact that the differences are there, they are real, and they are not going away.  In this way, you can learn to use the differences as a way to enrich your relationship rather than damage it.

 Exercise 1

1. Women's liberation‘ refers to the collection of opinions and developments that seek to end discrimination against women. Equal right for women is the goal.

2. Homosexuals (gay & lesbian) have become much less reluctant than they used to be o be openly acknowledged their sexual orientation.

3.  Most of these women were once married, although an increasing number of American women are deliberately having children with no intention of having a husband.

4. People, particularly younger ones, feel freer than they once did to talk about sex-related subjects, such as human sex organs, menstruation, and other things. It‘s also portrayed in many videos, songs, movies, and literature.

5. Most single-parent households are headed by women. Most of these women were once married, although an increasing number of American women are deliberately having children with no intention of having a husband.

Cultural Conflicts

 Conflict that occurs across cultural boundaries thus is also occurring across cognitive and perceptual boundaries, and is especially susceptible to problems of intercultural miscommunication and misunderstanding. These problems exacerbate the conflict, no matter what the root causes of it including strictly material interests may be. In this sense culture is an important factor in many sorts of conflicts that at first may appear to be exclusively about material resources or negotiable interests.conflict occurring between individuals or social groups that are separated by cultural boundaries can be considered “cross-cultural conflict.” But individuals, even in the same society, are potentially members of many different groups, organized in different ways by different criteria.

 Exercise 1 

1.  Because people fail to interpret verbal and non-verbal communication correctly. As we know that non-verbal language is more difficult than verbal language because one culture to another has a different sign and meaning system.

2. Cultural conflicts as the result of ethnocentrism, misinterpretation, and stereotype can be prevented by increasing awareness of our own attitude and sensitivity to cross-cultural differences.

3. Cultural conflict occurs as a result of ethnocentrism, misinterpretation, and stereotype.

4. These stereotypes develop from jokes, textbooks, movies, and television. Stereotypical beliefs prevent us from seeing people as individuals with unique characteristics.

5. Speakers from different cultures assume that what they believe is right because they have grown up thinking their way is the best and this may result in negative attitudes and judgments toward other cultures.

Exercise 2 

1. B

2. D

3. B

4. D

Cultural Shock

Culture shock is considered a natural thing for most international students. However, this should not be taken lightly because it can trigger acute depression. For that, for those of you who intend to continue studying abroad, it's a good idea to read this article first. Usually, students who experience culture shock are those who are still unstable in adapting. Environmental conditions, especially campuses and classes that do not meet expectations, are known to be one of the factors causing the symptoms of culture shock. 

Exercise 1 

1. Culture shock happens when people become anxious because they do not speak the language, know the custom or understand people‘s in daily life.

2. Honeymoon period is full of observations and new discoveries. Like most honeymoon periods, this stage eventually ends.

3. Culture shock can be prevented by striving to become more culturally relativistic and flexible in thinking and behavior, by developing a real enthusiasm for learning about the host culture and by forming real intercultural relationships

4. People adjusting to a new culture often feel lonely and homesick because they are not yet used to the new environment and meet people with whom they are not familiar every day. 

5. Successful cross-cultural communications is a fairly straightforward proposition. With the correct attitude, a few good cultural informants, a few cross-cultural communications concepts and some time spent as a participant-observer, a person will quite naturally develop a repertoire of intercultural interaction skills.

Non-Verbal Communication

 Did you ever hear anyone tell you that 90% of communication is nonverbal? now if you look at the broadcaster on TV, you'll see how they communicate. They will have to rely on your body language for your facial expressions to deliver the emotion of your message, not all communication is done with words. people look at you to show they are listening and smile when they like you. you can tell if someone is shy excited or blue, long before you talk to them. we use nonverbal communication every day in every conversation. I will try to answer all of the exercises related to Non-verbal communication.

Exercise 1

1 (a)  Non-verbal communication is the process of communicating through sending and receiving wordless messages. 

(b) pasted smile: This typically indicates suppressed displeasure or forced agreement of some sort.

twisted smile: Shows opposite emotions on each side of the face.

dropped jaw smile: More of a practiced fake smile than an instinctive one. The jaw is dropped lower than in a natural smile, the act of which creates a smile.

smile - head tilted, looking up:  from which the smile is directed via the eyes at the intended target.

(c) Eye contact is important because is extremely important during communication and conversation. Sometimes, our eyes and body language speak even more than words. Keeping eye contact with the person you are talking to shows that you are actively listening and paying attention.

2 (a) If a person in Indonesia is welcoming another person, they may put their hand on their heart or even bow slightly. When meeting new people, business attire represents a conservative person.  Also, women are expected to dress in attire that covers them from head to toe.  This represents Muslim tradition and also conservatism.

(b) aims to be seen by others as polite and knows how to be ethical and understand the existing values and norms

(c) By using non-verbal communication in conversation, they can learn that the responses given can be easily understood and between each other they understand each other's goals to be conveyed so that they begin to grow respect when speaking verbally.

Exercise 2 

 1. C

2. B

3. A

4. B

Exercise 3

1. C. saying "waiter!"

2. B. backing up slowly

3. C. raising hand

4. C. tap the secretary on the shoulder

5. D. smile

Exercise 4

There are so many people who behave the same as Li who are shy and don't dare to speak, but we have to look at the situation and try to adjust it. what did Ms. Davidson is right. he just wanted to know how active his students were when they were in class and asked his students about the assignments. Li thought that when he spoke without being asked it was rude and he looked embarrassed and looked down when his teacher asked. that's a natural thing and it would be nice if we see the condition that when the teacher is asking a question, we should answer it and pay attention to it with a little eye contact or something.

Intercultural Communication

The world today is characterized by an ever-growing number of contacts resulting in communication between people with different linguistic and cultural backgrounds. This communication takes place because of contacts with the areas of business military cooperation science, and education. In all these contacts there is a communication that needs to be constructed as possible without misunderstandings and breakdown. There is therefore a need to explain the manner in which Intercultural communication skills enable greater Effectiveness in personal and professional life. So, what is Intercultural communication? It refers to the effective communication between people workers and people of different cultural backgrounds. It also refers to communication between people whose cultural perceptions and single systems thinking of ordering the communication event. I will answer all of the exercises and try to more understand intercultural communication in our daily life.

Exercise 1

True/False Questions :

1. Japanese are coming into contact with people from other countries more often these days ( True )

2. Intercultural communication only involves communication between people from different countries       ( False )

3. A study about what techniques Americans use to persuade and what techniques Japanese use to              persuade would involve intercultural communication ( True )

4. International communication is communication between individuals from different nations ( True )

5. A program preparing Japanese workers to go to their company's office in England would be taking a      culture specific approach ( True )

6. When the sender and receiver are from the same culture, the receiver is likely to interpret the                  message the way the sender intends, because they share similar values, beliefs, expectations, etc.            ( True )

7. When cultures are very different, there is a greater likelihood that a message will be misinterpreted         ( True )

8. Because their language, religion, philosophy, and social attitudes are so different, and American              farmer and a Chinese farmer would not have anything in common ( False )

9.  Perceptions of beauty are the same in all cultures ( False )

10. Though beliefs and values vary within a culture, certain beliefs and values are held in common in            one culture ( True )

11. When there are different expectations for behavior, there can be difficulties between people of                different cultures ( True )

12. Families in the United States and Japan are very different in the way they communicate ( True )

13. The family and the school are both important social institutions for passing along culture ( True )

14. . Language is not an obvious cultural barrier ( False )

15. . Language is not a barrier to communication for people with the same native language ( True )

16. We tend to think a lot about how we communicate nonverbally ( False )

17. One way to improve communication with people of a different culture is to learn about both that            culture and your own culture ( True )

Exercise 2

1. There is a stereotypical case where Linda says that Han is really good with numbers. in fact, Han is from China and as we know most Chinese people are merchants, businessmen, and so on. So, when Linda said to Han like that, I think this is become a stereotype that chinese people are familiar with money, counting and numbers and she only judges from his appearance.

2. Han shouldn't lie to James that tonight he's going on a date with Linda, James will assume that what Han said is true and will directly ask Linda about it. what was feared was that Linda thought that if she communicated with Han, whatever she said would be different if someone else said it back and that would lead to misunderstandings.

3. We must be able to ensure to Han that whatever he hears from other people, when he wants to convey it again with a different person must be the same as what he heard before. if he lies or makes up his own story, it will only make your interlocutor wonder what you said and confused to make sure that what you say is true or false.

Space

Talking about space, infinitely expands in which everything exists us Earth the solar system galaxies black holes everything we know, and probably a lot more than we don't. With space exploration, we have to consider how we are using that language, and what it carries from the history of exploration on Earth. Even if words like “colonization” have a different context off-world, on somewhere like Mars,  with space exploration, we have to consider how we are using that language, and what it carries from the history of exploration on Earth. Even if words like “colonization” have a different context off-world, on somewhere like Mars. In this topic, I will discuss space and how about my perspective through space.

Being able to go into space is everyone's desire and many researchers have made a research on other planets that have the potential to become new residences for humans in the future. they said that it took a very long time and with the help of advanced technology to be able to quickly complete their project in the research. Of course, it is a question for many people regarding the planet Mars and the Moon which continues to be studied whether there is life there or not. all that is just a mystery that has not been solved and becomes a study. Therefore, many developed countries such as the United States of America, China, Russia, and other countries are designing rockets and spaceships that have high tech so they can go into space and research everything related to planets and other mysteries.

Thank you and enjoy :)

Learning

Education is one of the main things for children to shape their character, knowledge, and way of thinking to make decisions. therefore it must be started early so that they understand that education is very important for them to get. starting from kindergarten to college it is very meaningful if they can complete their education. It is also important for parents to strive to provide their children with proper education to prepare them for real-life when they are adults. they need teaching that says that one of the successes is because of the role of education in it so that they appreciate the struggle of their parents to finance them and hopefully they can become responsible children with their work in the future. I will discuss a little about the importance of education and explain the meaning of education for my life.

In following the lessons given at school, of course, being able to make children gain knowledge and the ability to think so that this can be realized, teachers who have good teaching skills are also needed with appropriate methods to increase children's motivation to continue to be enthusiastic about learning one of them is by changing the teaching style with things that students like, such as studying outside the room. I hope it can create new thoughts for students that learning is very fun and will not cause boredom. Teachers can also find ways so that children can easily understand the material being taught, such as by showing videos or pictures in presentations, it is a way for students not to get bored and understand all the material well. Talking about education, if they have grown and developed into active children in the class, it is hoped that when they are in lectures, they can easily follow the lessons given by the lecturer and do all assignments well so that they get good grades and can make their parents proud they.

As John Dewey once said that "Education is not preparation for life, education is life itself" so education is the key to our lives and with education, we can also share with others and make them know something. many people have felt the benefits of being serious in school and finally getting a decent job in order to pay for their living, it should also be noted for students who are about to graduate that they have to prepare themselves for a more difficult world of work and use their abilities to work well.

Thank you and enjoy :)

Mysteries

 There are so many mysteries that are certainly unsolved and researchers are so busy thinking about it all that it takes a very long time to research more deeply about what is happening in this world. there are also many historical objects and past events that are still being studied by scientists and researchers. Starting from finding out what is in the vast open ocean, finding out the existence of dinosaurs, and so on. All of that will be an amazing discovery when it has managed to find strong evidence that its research is real and can show an event or thing in the past. For that, this topic is very interesting to discuss and I will give my opinion about what mysteries are that I want to know and how researchers and scientists research things.

Talking about mysteries, I have a few questions regarding this topic. I think the mystery that exists in this world becomes an event that can be useful for humans in the future, not only as a new insight but as history that events and things that happened in the past are true and when it has been proven that something is real, then there is a satisfaction that the hard work of these researchers and scientists brings results and can be remembered forever. The mystery that many people are worried about is that the old building was there during the war era, many researchers also made a search about the events and what they found during the search. It becomes very interesting to know so that what is the mystery can be solved thanks to those who are struggling to make research about it.

Thank you and enjoy :)

Danger

In life, of course, there is such a thing as difficult situations and easy situations, as humans who experience it must have been in both situations where we live life as usual. The circumstances that make us happy, of course, we also feel with our pleasant actions such as having family, friends, friends, and so on. The existing conditions make us understand more that we must be ready with all existing conditions. Talking about danger, it is very synonymous with disasters or events that we did not expect before, such as fires, robberies, kidnappings that occur in this world, this is what causes this difficult situation to arise. starting from the number of victims due to disasters, material losses, and so on. I will discuss the dangers that occur and maybe I will tell you how when we face such dangerous situations.

There are so many unexpected events that are reported on TV such as natural disasters, fires, and others. Praise God I have never experienced anything like that and I am grateful that I am still given protection and protected from common disasters. but as we also know that the dangers commonly experienced by humans do not only come from disasters such as the one above, but also by deviant human actions that result in danger to the health of the human body and the surrounding environment. such as humans who smoke, dispose of factory waste, air pollution caused by the number of private vehicles and public transportation, and so on.

These are all forms of danger that can harm the health and comfort of humans who live side by side with those who are not responsible for maintaining and caring for the environment properly. To be able to realize a good environment, awareness is needed from the actors who previously polluted the environment with the various mistakes they made. they must also realize that what they are doing is wrong and has a bad impact on themselves and others. especially for children, we must be able to guide and set a good example for them on how to protect and care for the environment starting from small things such as throwing garbage in its place, consuming healthy food, and so on. If we manage to set a good example for them, I guarantee that this world will be much better in the future to create a healthy and comfortable environment.

Thank you and enjoy :)

Competition

In a competition, of course, there are winners and losers. Competition is usually synonymous with sports. many of the sports that become the center of attention of many people with the holding of competition, especially in Indonesia, which is very fond of football. this is commonplace and makes the situation at the time of the competition become excited and crowded due to fans who come to support their favorite team and watch them live. Many of them also not only watch the game but also do the sport they like. Honestly, I'm a little confused about the competition because I rarely participate in competitions and I will share my experience about the competitions I participate in and what sports I like.

I quite like sports but only as a hobby, therefore I very rarely participate in competitions. When I was in high school, there was a school anniversary event and various sports-related competitions were held such as soccer, basketball, volleyball, and so on competitions. because I like to play basketball so I decided to take part in the inter-class basketball competition and I practice with my classmates to prepare it so that we can play well during the competition. As a result, we lost and did not qualify for the next round. but that's not a problem, in competitions winning and losing is commonplace and we just have fun doing it and want to participate in the events being held Then when I entered college, my friends and seniors took part in a competition held by the faculty, namely FKIP CUP and we were very excited to take part. long story short we did not qualify for the next round and most importantly we have tried and there is no curiosity. that's my story in participating in a competition.

Even though I don't use sport as a place to compete and become a champion in a competition, I am quite happy to do it and by exercising my body becomes healthy and fit every day. In my opinion, if you are serious about learning a sport that you like, practice seriously and be diligent in that one thing so that you can focus on achieving victory and everything you want. you can become a professional athlete if you intend to make it your main job and work according to your passion it will be much more fun and keep us away from stress because what we do must be what we like first so that everything we do is not in vain and have a positive impact on themselves and others.

Getting Around

The neighborhood where I live has a very dense population and that causes the city to be very crowded. the number of buildings and buildings that were built there became an icon that really reminds us of a city, namely Jakarta. That's where I grew up and grew up to be a young man who knows the hardships of living in an urban area like this where everyone is competing to get a good job and earn enough salary to meet all their needs. but I can't tell you about it, because I'm still a student, I will share my experience while living in Jakarta and living side by side with others.

Getting around my city was very fun, you can find many things there. I will share my experience of what I experience every day, which is about the use of transportation. before the emergence of the Covid 19 pandemic, learning was still done face-to-face, but when this pandemic emerged, everything changed and it was no longer allowed to go out of the house and continue to do all activities online. so I will discuss the use of transportation at the time before this pandemic appeared in Indonesia. Every day I go to campus by Transjakarta bus because it is more cost-effective and does not add to the air pollution which is already very severe in Indonesia, especially in Jakarta. it makes me more relaxed and not afraid of traffic jams, although sometimes taking the bus is also faced with traffic jams that rarely happen, so I prefer to take the bus rather than take private vehicles such as motorbikes or cars. 

Transportation was created to make it easier for humans to travel to many places, such as offices, schools, malls, shops, and so on. it all depends on your needs and interests. For example, when I want to go to campus, I can take the Transjakarta bus to get there, families who want to go to their hometown can take a plane to make their trip easier, and other examples such as Dad who wants to go to the office to work, he can use a motorbike or car to get there. with the many existing transportations becomes a very good convenience and facility for humans in completing their affairs and expedite the activities that have been made 

Survival

 In an emergency situation, of course, adequate equipment and supplies are needed for all victims of natural disasters. therefore must be alert in everything if there is a danger and natural disaster that does not know when it will happen. we are advised not to panic and remain calm when experiencing natural disasters because it can help us not to stress about what has been lost or disappeared due to very dangerous natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and others. Whatever happens, we must let go because what we have in this world is only a deposit and is temporary, the treasure is indeed valuable as long as we are still alive in the world, but when it is gone we must be able to let it all go for that, I will discuss a little about what is needed during an emergency and the best way to survive in any dangerous situations.

I am very grateful and grateful to God for still being given health and blessed until now so that to this day I have never experienced and experienced a serious and detrimental natural disaster. but, even though I have never experienced it, I also have to know and learn what to do to survive the emergency. for the safety of ourselves and those closest to us, this is very important to know in order to be a good and appropriate action when a time happens and we are ready for it. When there is an earthquake, all I know is don't panic and stay calm, immediately find a way out and occasionally take shelter in the rubble of buildings. or if you are in a panic, you can hide under the table and get out of there immediately. when it flooded. it is important for us to prepare the most valuable items such as letters and items that can still be saved. if the flood is deep, just hope that someone will help like someone who uses a rubber boat to evacuate victims

Stereotype

Exercise I

This time I will discuss a dialogue to find a point of view about stereotypes that occur around us. Based on conversations with Debbie, Mario, and Maria, I will try to find out what the existing stereotypes are and give my response to the common stereotypes.

I have found two stereotypes in this dialogue, namely that women must come first in all conditions. as contained in the dialogue that Mario and Maria are brothers and at the same time unequal twins have uniqueness and privileges. Maria mentioned that it was the girl who was born first and Mario a few minutes after that. This causes a man to have to give in and put his interests first. then the second stereotype is about Italian boys are always polite. this proves the wisdom of a man who can be polite and friendly to anyone, including his brother.

Talking about the riddles Debbie gave to Mario and Maria, they both had different answers and responses. Maria assumes that the surgeon is not her father because her father is also badly injured and Mario thinks that the surgeon may be her stepfather, but Debbie replies that the answer is wrong.

After Mario and Maria try to answer Debbie's riddle, in the end, no one can answer her question. then I tried to answer myself what the answer was and the answer was his mother. why? because the surgeon said that "he is my son" which means most likely the surgeon is his parents and he is his mother

Exercise II

I have determined the film that I will discuss and find out examples of stereotypes that occur in our daily lives, namely "The Adventures of Sherina" briefly that Sherina's character is represented as a very active, intelligent, fearless, and adventurous little girl. this is different from the stereotype that occurs in everyday life that women are weaker than men. I think that what Sherina did is quite successful in breaking the stereotype that women are weak with her courage and attitude that is able to prove to everyone that women can also do what men do even more than that.

Thank you and enjoy :)